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more specific enumeration than that in 115. Mr. Sharretts continues :
“However important coral may be, it is not scientifically known as a precious stone. Indeed, it will hardly be contended that this substance, which is of animal and not of mineral origin, is actually a stone, either precious or semi-precious. Yet, it is not what an article actually may be within the technical or scientific understanding, but how it is known and designated by the trade who deal at wholesale in such articles that dominates its classification for tariff purposes.
“Scientifically pearls are not precious stones. Nevertheless they are classified as such in trade. ... If this rule applies to pearls, why should it not equally apply to coral, a somewhat kindred substance? We sustain the protest, and reverse the Collector’s decision.”
How They Save Lights in Stornoway. —Oil a sunken reef 350 feet distant from Stornoway Lighthouse is a remarkable beacon which warns mariners with the help of a light which is only apparent. The beacon is a cone of cast-iron plates, surmounted with a lantern containing a glass prism. The prism derives its light from refracting the rays emitted from the lighthouse, and the optical delusion is marvellous. Mariners naturally suppose that there is a lighted lamp on the beacon itself, and many of them will not believe otherwise. But the object of the beacon is attained when the navigator sees the reflected light, which indicates the perilous rock below. This beacon in the North of Scotland has been in use more than half a century, and since
it was fixed in position others have been placed in other neighborhoods to make clear points of danger. It is an ingenious and very effective safeguard against perils of the coast.—N. Y. Herald.
Opening of Cambridge Bridge. — The new Cambridge bridge was formally thrown open to public travel the last week in November. The bridge has been built under the acts of 1898 and a special act of the United States Senate, which provides that the bridge should be a drawless one. The commission in charge of the work has comprised the mayors of Boston and Cambridge, and E. D. Leavitt, the veteran engineer. The cost of the bridge has been about $2,600,000. Later on the courts will appoint a special commission to apportion the amount that shall be paid by the Boston Elevated Railway Company. It is interesting to note that the cost of the steel used in the bridge has been about $600,- 000; that the four towers cost about $100,- 000, and that the carvings of the four seals at the two ends cost $24,000.—Exchange.
Unfair. Treatment of Military Graves. —The Government of India has issued orders to dismantle seventy-eight memorial monuments of military officers and soldiers, and their wives and children who lie buried in the British cemetery at Meerut; or, in other words, all these memorials will be razed to the ground if they are not repaired in time by relatives or friends. Another nation would almost worship the dust of these officers and soldiers who had helped in the work of empire-building in India.— Bombay Gazette.
Chinese Railway.—Amazing progress is being made in railway building in China. The mileage of roads now in operation, being built and projected approximates 9,000 miles. This is already more than Spain has, but less than the mileage of Illinois or Ohio.
French and English Statues.—I have sometimes heard English sculptors complain that Great Britain had much to learn from France in the matter of the encouragement given to art and artists. “Even the lamp-posts in Paris are artistic,” said an enthusiastic young Scotch student at the Beaux-Arts, when I was walking along the boulevards with him one day. And he was right. The French cannot turn out anything inartistic. “Look at the number and character of their statues,” says the sculptor from London. “You cannot turn a corner without coming upon a statue, and every square has one or more monuments in honori of people who-were never heard of.” But it may be pointed out to those critics of England’s way of doing things that the French method has its obverse. Statues, especially when they are good statues, are certainly pleasant to behold, but M. Escudier, Municipal Councillor for the St. Georges district of Paris, is up in arms against the indiscriminate erection of bronze and marble in the thoroughfares of the city. He grudges the space occupied in the public promenades by the effigies of the eminent. “The time has come,” he says, “to check the statue-mania which has seized our contemporaries. Our gardens, our squares and our promenades are invaded by innumerable images. We must resist the advance of this bronze and mar